Rutin is a natural compound found in apples, passion flowers, buckwheat, tea and the plant Ruta graveolens, from which it derives its name. It consists of the flavonol quercetin and the sugar rutinose (R).
Rutin is sensitive to light and degrades when exposed to UV radiation, but it can be stabilised when encapsulated into ethosomes (R).
Rutin has poor skin permeation because of its inability to overcome the skin barrier. However, it can be delivered to the deeper skin layers when loaded onto ethosomes (R) or formulated as a nanocrystal gel (R).
Outcome | Grade | Effect | Studies | |||||||
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Skin Elasticity |
B
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Wrinkles |
B
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Skin Density |
B
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Outcome | Grade | Effect | Studies | |||||||
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Collagen |
C
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Cellular Senescence |
C
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Collagenase |
C
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Reactive Species |
C
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Cell Viability |
D
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