Tranexamic Acid

Introduction

What is tranexamic acid?

Tranexamic acid is a derivative of the amino acid lysine that has historically been used to treat bleeding disorders (R). In 1988, it was discovered to also suppress skin pigmentation induced by exposure to UV radiation (R), leading to its emergence as a treatment for hyperpigmentation (R).

Is tranexamic acid stable?

Tranexamic acid has been observed to be relatively stable when incorporated in liposome formulations, with >90% remaining after up to 2 months of storage when kept at temperatures no higher than 30°C (R).

Does tranexamic acid get absorbed?

Tranexamic acid is highly hydrophilic, making its penetration of the hydrophobic skin barrier challenging (R). However, the use of penetration enhancers (R), novel formulations (R, R, R), microneedling (R) and laser treatment (R, R) have been shown to improve its delivery into the skin.

Efficacy
Outcome Grade Effect Studies
Hyperpigmentation
A
  • 🠫
Skin Brightness
C
  • ⇧
Skin Redness
C
  • ⇩
Melasma
E
  • 🠫
Mechanisms
Outcome Grade Effect Studies
Endothelin-1
C
  • ⇩
Stem Cell Factor
C
  • ⇩
Tyrosinase
D
  • 🠫
Melanin
E
  • –
CD-31
E
  • –
Show 1 more outcomes
Side Effects
Outcome Effect Frequency Studies
Irritation ⇧
  • 4%
Skin Redness ⇧
  • 1%
Peeling ⇧ —
Skin Hydration ⇩ —
Latest Research